(a) Define mutual inductance and write its S.I. unit. (b) Derive an expression for the mutual inductance of two long coaxial solenoids of the same length wound one over the other. (c) In an experiment, two coils c1 and c2 are placed close to each other. Find the expression for the emf induced in coil c1 due to a change in the current through coil c2.
Solution
(a) The mutual inductance M of two coils is the flux linked with one coil per unit current in the other; its S.I. unit is the henry (H). (b) Let inner solenoid S1 (n1 turns/length) carry current I1, producing field B1=μ0n1I1 over cross-section A. The flux linking the outer solenoid S2 (turns n2ℓ) is
N2ϕ2=(n2ℓ)(B1A)=μ0n1n2AℓI1
so that
M=μ0n1n2Aℓ
(c) If current I2 in coil c2 links flux ϕ=MI2 with coil c1, then the emf induced in c1 is