Heat & Thermodynamics — JEE Advanced PYQs

In the figure a container is shown to have a movable (without friction) piston on top. The container and the piston are all made of perfectly insulating material allowing no heat transfer between outside and inside the container. The container is divided into two compartments by …

In the figure a container is shown to have a movable (without friction) piston on top. The container and the piston are all made of perfectly insulating material allowing no heat transfer between outside and inside the container. The container is divided into two compartments by …

A thermodynamic system is taken from an initial state $i$ with internal energy $U_i=100J$ to the final state $f$ along two different paths iaf and $ibf$, as schematically shown in the figure. The work done by the system along the paths $af,ib$ and $bf$ are …

Two non-reactive monoatomic ideal gases have their atomic masses in the ratio 2 : 3. The ratio of their partial pressures, when enclosed in a vessel kept at a constant temperature, is $4:3$. The ratio of their densities is

Two rectangular blocks, having identical dimensions, can be arranged either in configuration I or in configuration II as shown in the figure. One of the blocks has thermal conductivity $\kappa$ and the other $2\kappa$. The temperature difference between the ends along the …

The figure below shows the variation of specific heat capacity $(C)$ of a solid as a function of temperature $(T)$. The temperature is increased continuously from 0 to 500 K at a constant rate. Ignoring any volume change, the following statement(s) is (are) correct to a reaso …

One mole of a monatomic ideal gas is taken along two cyclic processes $\mathrm{E}\to \mathrm{F}\to \mathrm{G}\to \mathrm{E}$ and $\mathrm{E}\to \mathrm{F}\to \mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{E}$ as shown in the PV diagram. The proces …

Three very large plates of same area are kept parallel and close to each other. They are considered as ideal black surfaces and have very high thermal conductivity. The first and third plates are maintained at temperatures $2T$ and $3T$ respectively. The temperature of the …

A mixture of 2 moles of helium gas (atomic mass = 4 amu) and 1 mole of argon gas (atomic mass $=40\mathrm{amu}$ ) is kept at 300 K in a container. The ratio of the rms speeds $\left(\frac{v_{rms}(\text{ helium })}{v_{rms}(\text{ argon })}\right)$ is

Two moles of ideal helium gas are in a rubber balloon at 30°C. The balloon is fully expandable and can be assumed to require no energy in its expansion. The temperature of the gas in the balloon is slowly changed to 35°C. The amount of heat required in raising the temperature is …

5.6 liter of helium gas at STP is adiabatically compressed to 0.7 liter. Taking the initial temperature to be ${\mathrm{T}}_1$, the work done in the process is

One mole of a monatomic ideal gas is taken through a cycle ABCDA as shown in the P-V diagram. Column II gives the characteristics involved in the cycle. Match them with each of the processes given in Column I.

Column I
(A) Process A → B
(B) Process B → C
(C) Process C → D
(D) Pr …

A real gas behaves like an ideal gas if its

One mole of an ideal gas in initial state A undergoes a cyclic process ABCA, as shown in the figure. Its pressure at A is $P_0$. Choose the correct option(s) from the following

Two spherical bodies A (radius 6 cm) and B (radius 18 cm) are at temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2$, respectively. The maximum intensity in the emission spectrum of A is at 500 nm and in that of B is at 1500 nm. Considering them to be black bodies, what will be the ratio of the rat …

A piece of ice (heat capacity $=2100\mathrm{J}{\mathrm{kg}}^{-1}{}^{\circ }{\mathrm{C}}^{-1}$ and latent heat $=3.36\times 10^5\mathrm{J}{\mathrm{kg}}^{-1}$) of mass m grams is at -5°C at atmospheric pressure. It is given 420 J of heat so that the ice starts melting. Finall …

A diatomic ideal gas is compressed adiabatically to $\frac{1}{32}$ of its initial volume. In the initial temperature of the gas is $T_i$ (in Kelvin) and the final temperature is $a{T}_i$, the value of $a$ is

The figure shows the $P-V$ plot of an ideal gas taken through a cycle ABCDA. The part ABC is a semi-circle and CDA is half of an ellipse. Then,

A metal rod AB of length $10x$ has its one end A in ice at 0°C and the other end B in water at $100^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. If a point P on the rod is maintained at $400^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, then it is found that equal amounts of water and ice evaporate and melt per unit time …

${\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{v}}$ and ${\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{p}}$ denote the molar specific heat capacities of a gas at constant volume and constant pressure, respectively. Then

An ideal gas is expanding such that $P{T}^2=$ constant . The coefficient of volume expansion of the gas is

Column I contains a list of processes involving expansion of an ideal gas. Match this with Column II describing the thermodynamic change during this process. Indicate your answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles of the $4\times 4$ matrix given in the ORS.

| Column I | Colum …

STATEMENT-1
The total translational kinetic energy of all the molecules of a given mass of an ideal gas is 1.5 times the product of its pressure and its volume.
because
STATEMENT-2
The molecules of a gas collide with each other and the velocities of the molecules change due to th …

In a dark room with ambient temperature ${\mathrm{T}}_0$, a black body is kept at a temperature T. Keeping the temperature of the black body constant (at T), sunrays are allowed to fall on the black body through a hole in the roof of the dark room. Assuming that there is no cha …

In an insulated vessel, 0.05 kg steam at 373 K and 0.45 kg of ice at 253 K are mixed. Then, find the final temperature of the mixture.

Given, $L_{\text{fusion}}=80$ cal/g$=336$ J/g, $L_{\text{vaporization}}=540$ cal/g$=2268$ J/g, $S_{\text{ice}}=2100$ J/kg K$=0.5$ ca …

Heat given to process is positive, match the following option of column I with the corresponding option of column II