The correct sequential addition of reagents in the preparation of 3-nitrobenzoic acid from benzene is:
- (A) ether
- (B)
- (C) ether, ✓ Correct
- (D)
Answer: (C)
Solution
To prepare 3-nitrobenzoic acid from benzene:
The nitro group must be introduced first as it directs subsequent bromination to the meta position.
- First nitrate benzene: → nitrobenzene
- Brominate at meta position: → 3-bromonitrobenzene (NO₂ is meta-directing)
- Form Grignard reagent: → 3-nitrophenylmagnesium bromide
- Carboxylate: → carboxylate salt
- Acidify: → 3-nitrobenzoic acid
The nitro group must be introduced first as it directs subsequent bromination to the meta position.

JEE Main · 2021 · 26 Aug 2021 · Shift 1 · Single correct option