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JEE Main · 2019 · 09 Apr 2019 · Shift 2 · Atomic Structure

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Which one of the following about an electron occupying the 1s orbital in a hydrogen atom is incorrect? (The Bohr radius is represented by )
  1. (A)The electron can be found at a distance from the nucleus
  2. (B)The probability density of finding the electron is maximum at the nucleus
  3. (C)The magnitude of potential energy is double that of its kinetic energy on an average
  4. (D)The total energy of the electron is maximum when it is at a distance from the nucleus✓ Correct

Answer: (D)

Solution

The total energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom is fixed by its principal quantum number, not by how far it happens to be from the nucleus, so the claim that the total energy is greatest at a distance is the incorrect statement. The others hold up: the electron has a non-zero probability of being found at , or at any distance; its probability density is indeed largest right at the nucleus; and the virial theorem for this Coulomb system gives, on average, a potential energy whose magnitude is twice the kinetic energy.

JEE Main · 2019 · 09 Apr 2019 · Shift 2 · Single correct option

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