Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Most of the mass of the atom and all its positive charge are concentrated in a tiny nucleus and the electrons revolve around it, is Rutherford's model.
Statement II: An atom is a spherical cloud of positive charges with electrons embedded in it, is a special case of Rutherford's model.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate from the options given below.
Statement I: Most of the mass of the atom and all its positive charge are concentrated in a tiny nucleus and the electrons revolve around it, is Rutherford's model.
Statement II: An atom is a spherical cloud of positive charges with electrons embedded in it, is a special case of Rutherford's model.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate from the options given below.
- (A)Both statement I and statement II are false
- (B)Statement I is false but statement II is true
- (C)Statement I is true but statement II is false✓ Correct
- (D)Both statement I and statement II are true
Answer: (C)
Solution
Rutherford's model places most of the atom's mass and all its positive charge in a tiny central nucleus, with electrons revolving around it — this is exactly statement I, so statement I is true.
Statement II describes an atom as a spherical cloud of positive charge with electrons embedded in it. That is Thomson's plum-pudding model, not a special case of Rutherford's model — the two differ fundamentally in where the positive charge resides (concentrated in a nucleus versus spread through the volume of the atom). Statement II is false.
Statement I is true but statement II is false.
Statement II describes an atom as a spherical cloud of positive charge with electrons embedded in it. That is Thomson's plum-pudding model, not a special case of Rutherford's model — the two differ fundamentally in where the positive charge resides (concentrated in a nucleus versus spread through the volume of the atom). Statement II is false.
Statement I is true but statement II is false.
JEE Main · 2024 · 29 Jan 2024 · Shift 2 · Single correct option