Draw the (i) symbol and (ii) the reverse I-V characteristic of a zener diode. Explain briefly which property of the characteristic enables us to use the zener diode as a voltage regulator.
Solution
The symbol of a zener diode is a diode symbol with a bent (Z-shaped) bar at the cathode. In reverse bias the current is small until Vz, beyond which it rises steeply while the voltage across the diode remains essentially constant at Vz. Because the voltage stays fixed at Vz over a wide range of current, the zener diode holds the output voltage constant and thus acts as a voltage regulator. Constant voltage in reverse breakdown⇒regulation.
CBSE Class 12 Board · 2008 · All India · Subjective