CBSE Class 12 · 2002 · Delhi · Coordination CompoundsShort Answer

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Explain the following observation:
Tetrahedral Ni(II) complexes are paramagnetic but square planar Ni(II) complexes are diamagnetic.

Solution

Ni = [Ar]3d.
Tetrahedral complexes (e.g. [NiCl]): weak-field ligands cause no pairing; sp hybridisation leaves the d set with 2 unpaired electrons — paramagnetic.
Square planar complexes (e.g. [Ni(CN)]): strong-field ligands force the two unpaired electrons to pair, vacating one 3d orbital for dsp hybridisation — all electrons paired, diamagnetic.

CBSE Class 12 Board · 2002 · Delhi · Subjective

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