Explain the following observation:
Tetrahedral Ni(II) complexes are paramagnetic but square planar Ni(II) complexes are diamagnetic.
Tetrahedral Ni(II) complexes are paramagnetic but square planar Ni(II) complexes are diamagnetic.
Solution
Ni = [Ar]3d.
Tetrahedral complexes (e.g. [NiCl]): weak-field ligands cause no pairing; sp hybridisation leaves the d set with 2 unpaired electrons — paramagnetic.
Square planar complexes (e.g. [Ni(CN)]): strong-field ligands force the two unpaired electrons to pair, vacating one 3d orbital for dsp hybridisation — all electrons paired, diamagnetic.
Tetrahedral complexes (e.g. [NiCl]): weak-field ligands cause no pairing; sp hybridisation leaves the d set with 2 unpaired electrons — paramagnetic.
Square planar complexes (e.g. [Ni(CN)]): strong-field ligands force the two unpaired electrons to pair, vacating one 3d orbital for dsp hybridisation — all electrons paired, diamagnetic.
CBSE Class 12 Board · 2002 · Delhi · Subjective