JEE Main · 2023 · 01 Feb 2023 · Shift 1 · Heat & Thermodynamics

The average kinetic energy of a molecule of the gas is

(A)proportional to absolute temperature✓ Correct
(B)proportional to volume
(C)proportional to pressure
(D)dependent on the nature of the gas

Answer: (A)

Solution

By the kinetic theory the mean translational energy of a gas molecule is

⟨ K ⟩ = \frac{3}{2} k_{B} T

, set entirely by the absolute temperature through Boltzmann's constant. It carries no dependence on the pressure, the volume or the chemical nature of the gas. The average kinetic energy of a molecule is proportional to the absolute temperature.

JEE Main · 2023 · 01 Feb 2023 · Shift 1 · Single correct option

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