A cylindrical tube, with its base as shown in the figure, is filled with water. It is moving down with a constant acceleration a along a fixed inclined plane with angle θ=45∘. P1 and P2 are pressures at points 1 and 2, respectively, located at the base of the tube. Let β=(P1−P2)/(ρgd), where ρ is density of water, d is the inner diameter of the tube and g is the acceleration due to gravity. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) correct?
(A)β=0 when a=g/2✓ Correct
(B)β>0 when a=g/2
(C)β=22−1 when a=g/2✓ Correct
(D)β=21 when a=g/2
Answer: (A), (C)
Solution
In the accelerating frame of the tube, there is a pseudo-force ma upward along the incline.
Effective gravity components: perpendicular to base = gcos45°−acos45°=2g−a; parallel to base = gsin45°−asin45°=2g−a.
Wait, let me reconsider. The tube accelerates down the incline with acceleration a.
In the tube's frame, pseudo-force ma acts up the incline. Components: