When an ideal capacitor is charged by a dc battery, no current flows through it. However, when an ac source is used, current flows continuously. Explain this on the basis of the concept of displacement current.
Solution
There is no conducting medium between the plates, so no conduction current can cross the gap. With a dc source, once the capacitor is charged the field is steady, dΦE/dt=0, so nothing flows. With an ac source the charge on the plates, and hence the electric field and flux ΦE between them, change continuously. Maxwell showed this changing flux is equivalent to a current --- the displacement current
id=ε0dtdΦE
which equals the conduction current in the wires, so current appears to flow continuously.