Solutions — JEE Main PYQs

Elements P and Q form two types of non-volatile, non-ionizable compounds PQ and ${\mathrm{PQ}}_2$. When 1 g of PQ is dissolved in 50 g of solvent 'A', $\Delta {\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{b}}$ was 1.176 K while when 1 g of ${\mathrm{PQ}}_2$ is dissolved in 50 g of solvent 'A', …

Consider a solution of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2(\mathrm{g})$ dissolved in water in a closed container.

Which one of the following plots correctly represents variation of log (partial pressure of CO2 in vapour phase above water) [y-axis] with log (mole fraction of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ …

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The Henry's law constant ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{H}}$ is constant with respect to variations in solution's concentration over the range for which the solutions is ideally dilute.
Statement II : ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{H}}$ does not diff …

The osmotic pressure of a living cell is 12 atm at 300 K. The strength of sodium chloride solution that is isotonic with the living cell at this temperature is $\_\_\_\_$ $\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{L}}^{-1}$. (Nearest integer)

Given: …

A substance 'X' (1.5 g) dissolved in 150 g of a solvent 'Y' (molar mass $=300\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$) led to an elevation of the boiling point by 0.5 K. The relative lowering in the vapour pressure of the solvent 'Y' is $\_\_\_\_$ $\times 10^{-2}$. (Nearest integer)
[Giv …

Which one of the following graphs accurately represents the plot of partial pressure of ${\mathrm{CS}}_2$ vs its mole fraction in a mixture of acetone and ${\mathrm{CS}}_2$ at constant temperature ?

Two liquids A and B form an ideal solution. At 320 K , the vapour pressure of the solution, containing 3 mol of A and 1 mol of B is 500 mm Hg. At the same temperature, if 1 mol of A is further added to this solution, vapour pressure of the solution increases by 20 mm Hg . Vapour …

A solution is prepared by dissolving 0.3 g of a nonvolatile non-electrolyte solute ' A ' of molar mass $60\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$ and 0.9 g of a non-volatile nonelectrolyte solute ' B ' of molar mass $180\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$ in …

' W ' g of a non-volatile electrolyte solid solute of molar mass ' M ' $\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$ when dissolved in 100 mL water, decreases vapour pressure of water from 640 mm Hg to 600 mm Hg . If aqueous solution of the electrolyte boils at 375 K and …

Two liquids A and B form an ideal solution at temperature T K. At T K, the vapour pressures of pure A and B are 55 and $15{\mathrm{kNm}}^{-2}$ respectively. What is the mole fraction of A in solution of A and $B$ in equilibrium with a vapour in which the mole fraction of A is 0.8 …

At 298 K, the mole percentage of ${\mathrm{N}}_2(\mathrm{g})$ in air is $80\%$. Water is in equilibrium with air at a pressure of 10 atm. What is the mole fraction of ${\mathrm{N}}_2(\mathrm{g})$ in water at 298 K? (${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{H}}$ for ${\mathrm{N}}_2$ is …

At $\mathrm{T}(\mathrm{K}),2$ moles of liquid A and 3 moles of liquid B are mixed. The vapour pressure of ideal solution formed is 320 mm Hg . At this stage, one mole of A and one mole of B are added to the solution. The vapour pressure is now measured as 328.6 mm Hg . The vap …

Consider the following aqueous solutions.
I. 2.2 g Glucose in 125 mL of solution.
II. 1.9 g Calcium chloride in 250 mL of solution.
III. 9.0 g Urea in 500 mL of solution.
IV. 20.5 g Aluminium sulphate in 750 mL of solution.
The correct increasing order of boiling point of these s …

19.5 g of fluoro acetic acid (molar mass $=78\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$) is dissolved in 500 g of water at 298 K. The depression in the freezing point of water was $1^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. What is ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{a}}$ of fluoro acetic acid ?
(For water, …

Given below are two statements:

Statement (I): 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane can be separated from water by simple distillation.

Statement (II): An azotropic mixture cannot be separated by fractional distillation.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from …

A non-volatile, non-electrolyte solid solute when dissolved in 40 g of a solvent, the vapour pressure of the solvent decreased from 760 mm Hg to 750 mm Hg. If the same solution boils at 320 K, then the number of moles of the solvent present in the solution is ______. (Nearest int …

Solution A is prepared by dissolving 1 g of a protein (molar mass = 50000 ${\mathrm{g}\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$) in 0.5 L of water at 300 K. Its osmotic pressure is x bar. Solution B is made by dissolving 2 g of same protein in 1 L of water at 300 K. Osmotic pressure of solution B is y bar. Enti …

At 27°C, 0.1 M, 1 L K₄[Fe(CN)₆] aqueous solution and 0.1 M, 1 L FeCl₃ aqueous solution are placed in a container separated by a semi permeable membrane AB. Assume complete dissociation of both the solutes. Which of the following statement is correct?

20 g hemoglobin in a 1 L aqueous solution (A) at 300 K is separated from pure water by semi permeable membrane. At equilibrium the height of solution in a tube dipped in a solution (A) is found to be 80.0 mm higher than the tube dipped in water.

The molar mass of hemoglobin is _ …

When 0.25 moles of a non-volatile, non-ionizable solute was dissolved in 1 mole of a solvent the vapor pressure of solution was $\mathrm{x}\%$ of vapor pressure of pure solvent. What is $\mathrm{x}\%$ ?

Given below are two statements :

Statement I : ${\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$ molecules move from the chamber 1 to chamber 2.
Statement II : The osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 50 mg of potassium sulphate (molar mass $=174\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{mol}$ ) in …

Which of the following are not correct ?
A. For water, magnitude of ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{b}}$ is more than the magnitude of ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{f}}$.
B. The elevation in boiling point of water when a non-volative solute is added to it is larger in magnitude than its depression i …

Given below are two statements :

Statement I: Vapours of the liquid with higher boiling point condense before vapours of the liquid with lower boiling points in fractional distillation.

Statement II : The vapours rising up in the fractionating column become richer in high boili …

Given below are two statements. (Given: Molar mass of C, H, O, Cl are 12, 1, 16 and 35.5 g mol^-1 respectively.) Statement I: In 30% (w/w) solution of methanol in CCl4 (at T K), the mole fraction of CCl4 is equal to 0.33. Statement II: Mixture of methanol and CCl4 shows positive …

Arrange the following solutions in order of their increasing boiling points.
(i) $10^{-4}\mathrm{M}\mathrm{NaCl}$
(ii) $10^{-4}\mathrm{M}$ Urea
(iii) $10^{-3}\mathrm{M}\mathrm{NaCl}$
(iv) $10^{-2}\mathrm{M}\mathrm{NaCl}$

Consider the given plots of vapour pressure (VP) vs temperature (T/K) Which amongst the following options is correct graphical representation showing $\Delta {\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{f}}$, depression in the freezing point of solvent in a solution?

The observed and normal masses of compound ${\mathrm{MX}}_2$ are 65.6 and 164 respectively. The percent degree of ionisation of ${\mathrm{MX}}_2$ is ____ %.
(Nearest integer)

${\mathrm{CrCl}}_3.{\mathrm{xNH}}_3$ can exist as a complex. 0.1 molal aqueous solution of this complex shows a depression in freezing point of $0.558^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. Assuming $100\%$ ionisation of this complex and coordination number of Cr is 6, the complex will be
(Give …

What is the freezing point depression constant of a solvent, 50 g of which contain 1 g non volatile solute (molar mass $256\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$) and the decrease in freezing point is 0.40 K ?

When a non-volatile solute is added to the solvent, the vapour pressure of the solvent decreases by 10 mm of Hg. The mole fraction of the solute in the solution is 0.2. What would be the mole fraction of the solvent if decrease in vapour pressure is 20 mm of Hg?

Consider a binary solution of two volatile liquid components 1 and $2{\mathrm{x}}_1$ and ${\mathrm{y}}_1$ are the mole fractions of component 1 in liquid and vapour phase, respectively. The slope and intercept of the linear plot of $\frac{1}{{\mathrm{x}}_1}$ vs …

1.24 g of ${\mathrm{AX}}_2$ (molar mass $124\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$) is dissolved in 1 kg of water to form a solution with boiling point of $100.0156^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, while 25.4 g of ${\mathrm{AY}}_2$ (molar mass $250\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$) in 2 k …

If ${\mathrm{A}}_2\mathrm{B}$ is 30% ionised in an aqueous solution, then the value of van't Hoff factor (i) is ______ $\times 10^{-1}$.

Given below are two statements :

Statement (I) : NaCl is added to the ice at $0^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, present in the ice cream box to prevent the melting of ice cream.

Statement (II) : On addition of NaCl to ice at $0^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, there is a depression in freezing po …

Which of the following graph correctly represents the plots of $K_H$ at 1 bar gases in water versus temperature?

A solution is made by mixing one mole of volatile liquid A with 3 moles of volatile liquid B. The vapour pressure of pure A is 200 mm Hg and that of the solution is 500 mm Hg. The vapour pressure of pure B and the least volatile component of the solution, respectively, are :

' x ' g of NaCl is added to water in a beaker with a lid. The temperature of the system is raised from $1^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ to $25^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. Which out of the following plots, is best suited for the change in the molarity ( M ) of the solution with respect to temperat …

When 1 g each of compounds AB and ${\mathrm{AB}}_2$ are dissolved in 15 g of water separately, they increased the boiling point of water by 2.7 K and 1.5 K respectively. The atomic mass of A (in amu) is ____ $\times 10^{-1}$ (Nearest integer)
(Given : Molal boiling point …

Which of the following properties will change when system containing solution 1 will become solution 2 ?

2 moles each of ethylene glycol and glucose are dissolved in 500 g of water. The boiling point of the resulting solution is :
(Given : Ebullioscopic constant of water $=0.52\mathrm{K}\mathrm{kg}{\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$ )

Given below are two statements :

Statement (I) : Molal depression constant ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{f}}$ is given by $\frac{{\mathrm{M}}_1{\mathrm{RT}}_{\mathrm{f}}}{\Delta {\mathrm{S}}_{\text{fus }}}$, where symbols have their usual meaning.
Statement (II) : ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{f}}$ …

$XY$ is the membrane / partition between two chambers 1 and 2 containing sugar solutions of concentration ${\mathrm{c}}_1$ and ${\mathrm{c}}_2\left({\mathrm{c}}_1>{\mathrm{c}}_2\right)\mathrm{mol}{\mathrm{L}}^{-1}$. For the reverse osmosis to take place identify the correct …

Liquid A and B form an ideal solution. The vapour pressure of pure liquids A and B are 350 and 750 mm Hg respectively at the same temperature. If ${\mathrm{x}}_{\mathrm{A}}$ and $x_B$ are the mole fraction of $A$ and $B$ in solution while $y_A$ and $y_B$ are the mole fraction …

Match List-I with List-II
| (D) …

The percentage dissociation of a salt (${\mathrm{MX}}_3$) solution at given temperature (van't Hoff factor $\mathrm{i}=$ 2 ) is. ______ % (Nearest integer)

Which of the following binary mixture does not show the behaviour of minimum boiling azeotropes?

$\mathrm{HA}(\mathrm{aq})\rightleftharpoons {\mathrm{H}}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})+{\mathrm{A}}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})$
The freezing point depression of a 0.1 m aqueous solution of a monobasic weak acid HA is $0.20^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$.
The dissociation constant for the acid is
Given : …

2.5 g of a non-volatile, non-electrolyte is dissolved in 100 g of water at $25^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. The solution showed a boiling point elevation by $2^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. Assuming the solute concentration in negligible with respect to the solvent concentration, the vapour press …

2.7 Kg of each of water and acetic acid are mixed. The freezing point of the solution will be $-\mathrm{x}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. Consider the acetic acid does not dimerise in water, nor dissociates in water. $\mathrm{x}=$ ____ (nearest integer)
[Given : Molar mass of water …

An artificial cell is made by encapsulating 0.2 M glucose solution within a semipermeable membrane. The osmotic pressure developed when the artificial cell is placed within a 0.05 M solution of NaCl at 300 K is ____ $\times 10^{-1}$ bar.
(Nearest Integer)
[Given : …